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Human Haptoglobin, Mixed Type
Native whole molecule mixture of Phenotypes 1-1, 2-1, 2-2 purified from large multiple donor pool
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Proteine Synonyms: Zonulin, HPT, HP, BP, HP2ALPHA2, HPA1S Source: Human Plasma Purity: ≥ 95% by SDS-PAGE Physical State: Salt-free lyophilized solid. Manufacturer: |
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Athens Research & Technology
Produktdetails
Synonyms
Zonulin, HPT, HP, BP, HP2ALPHA2, HPA1S
Description of Human Haptoglobin, Mixed Type
Human Haptoglobin, Mixed Type is a Hp 1-1: 86000 Da; Hp 2-1: 200000 Da; Hp 2-2: 400000 Da protein. Haptoglobin is a major acute-phase plasma glycoprotein present at concentrations of 100–300 mg/dL, primarily synthesized in the liver. Its central function is to bind free hemoglobin released during red blood cell breakdown, thereby preventing iron loss through the kidneys and reducing hemoglobin-driven oxidative tissue damage. This hemoglobin–haptoglobin complex is rapidly cleared by macrophages via the CD163 receptor, facilitating iron recycling and modulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Haptoglobin also influences immune responses, interacting with neutrophils, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells to regulate inflammation and adaptive immunity. Humans exhibit three main haptoglobin phenotypes-Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, and Hp 2-2-arising from genetic polymorphisms. Hp 1-1 demonstrates the highest hemoglobin-binding and antioxidant efficiency, while Hp 2-2 is least effective, which may explain its association with increased risk and severity of conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and epilepsy. Notably, the Hp 2-2 phenotype is linked to poorer outcomes in coronary artery disease and more frequent epilepsy attacks, likely due to reduced antioxidant protection in neural tissues. Clinically, haptoglobin serves as a sensitive biomarker for hemolytic anemia, liver function, and as a potential prognostic marker in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Therapeutically, recombinant haptoglobin is being explored for treating hemolysis-related complications and as a neuroprotective agent following subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Source
Human plasma non-reactive for HBsAG, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests
Storage
For long term, store Human Haptoglobin, Mixed Type at ≤ -20°C.
Applications
ELISA, Protein Chemistry, Inflammation, Sickle Cell Anemia, Glycosylation, Stroke, Central Nervous System Injury, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, In Vitro Diagnostic, Iron Metabolism, Cancer.
Citations/Publications
Sakamoto, K., et al., (2021), 'IL-22 Controls Iron-Dependent Nutritional Immunity Against Systemic Bacterial Infections', Sci Immunol., 2(8): eaai8371. Available at: doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aai8371.
Miyamoto, S., et al., (2018), 'Multiple Reaction Monitoring for the Quantitation of Serum Protein Glycosylation Profiles: Application to Ovarian Cancer', J. Proteome Res., 17: pp 222−233. Available at: DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00541
Tamara, S., et al., (2020), 'A wealth of genotype-specific proteoforms fine-tunes hemoglobin scavenging by haptoglobin', PNAS, 117(27): pp 15554-15564. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002483117
Sanda, M., et al., (2020), 'Low Collision Energy Fragmentation in Structure-Specific Glycoproteomics Analysis', Anal. Chem., 92: pp 8262−8267. Available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00519
Dziuba, N., et al., (2018), 'Low-molecular-mass iron in healthy blood plasma is not predominately ferric citrate', Metallomics, 10: pp 802. Available at: DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00055g
NCBI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/P00738
Shipped with ice packs
Gel Scan of Human Haptoglobin, Mixed Type
| Fig. 1: SDS-PAGE Gel |
Verwendung: Nur für Forschungszwecke. Nicht zur Verwendung in diagnostischen oder therapeutischen Verfahren. Nicht für den menschlichen Gebrauch.
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