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Human Apolipoprotein E
Delipidated whole molecule
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Proteins Synonyms: ApoE Source: Human Plasma Purity: ≥ 95% by SDS-PAGE Physical State: Frozen in 50 mM NH4HCO3, pH 8.0 Manufacturer: |
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Athens Research & Technology
Produktdetails
Synonyms
ApoE
Description of Human Apolipoprotein E
Human Apolipoprotein E is a 34 kDa protein. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a glycoprotein with three major isoforms (E2, E3, E4) that mediates lipid transport by binding low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR, LRP, VLDLR) to facilitate cholesterol redistribution. Its receptor-binding domain (residues 140–150), rich in lysines and arginines, enables interactions critical for lipoprotein clearance and lipid homeostasis. Beyond lipid metabolism, ApoE modulates immune responses by suppressing T-cell activation via reduced MHC class II expression on antigen-presenting cells and influences neurobiology through astrocyte-derived cholesterol transport to neurons. Elevated ApoE levels (normal plasma: ~5 mg/dL) are observed during peripheral nerve injury, where it aids tissue repair by coordinating lipid reutilization; however, the E4 isoform delays regeneration and neuromuscular reinnervation. Clinically, ApoE2 homozygosity or mutations like Arg145Cys cause familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia, characterized by β-VLDL accumulation and xanthomas. The ε4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, promoting Aβ aggregation and impairing synaptic function. ApoE4 also exacerbates cardiovascular risk by elevating LDL-C and carotid intima-media thickness. Emerging roles include modulating melanoma cell states, where ApoE secretion by MITF-high tumors confers ferroptosis resistance via lipid peroxidation suppression. Therapeutically, ApoE-targeted strategies include antisense oligonucleotides reducing ApoE4 levels in tauopathies. LXR/RXR agonists enhancing apoE lipidation, and mimetic peptides like CN-105 mitigating neuroinflammation post-brain injury. These innovations highlight ApoE’s dual potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target across neurodegenerative, metabolic, and oncological disorders.
Source
Prepared from fresh, non-frozen plasma shown to be non reactive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests.
Storage
For long term, store Human Apolipoprotein E at ≤ -80°C.
Applications
In Vitro Diagnostics, Alzheimer's.
Citations/Publications
Deng, M. et al., (2018), 'LILRB4 signalling in leukaemia cells mediates T cell suppression and tumour infiltration', Nature, 562: pp 605–609. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0615-z
Ulatowski, L., et al., (2022), 'The tocopherol transfer protein TTP mediates Vitamin Vitamin E trafficking between cerebellar astrocytes and neurons', J. Biol. Chem., 298(3): pp 101712. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101712
Vogt, L. M., et al., (2020), 'Apolipoprotein E Triggers Complement Activation in Joint Synovial Fluid of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients by Binding C1q', J Immunol., 204: pp 2779-2790. Available at: doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900372
Wagar, Z. L., et al., (2017), 'Low density lipopolyprotein inhibits flavivirus acquisition in Aedes aegypti', Insect Molecular Biology, 26(6): pp 734–742. Available at: doi: 10.1111/imb.12334
NCBI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/P02649
Shipped with dry ice
Usage: For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Not for human use.
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Payment Methods
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